In this article, we will introduce some of the issues that excavator drivers need to be aware of in cold weather.
1. For cold weather, choose the right fuel and oil
The low temperature in winter makes the diesel fluidity worse, the viscosity increases, it is not easy to spray, and the atomization effect is poor. Therefore, the diesel model should be selected based on the lowest temperature of 7-10 °C below the current local season.
10 diesel engine: suitable for high speed diesel engine with preheating equipment
5 Diesel: Suitable for temperatures above 8 °C.
0 diesel: suitable for use at temperatures from 8 ° C to 4 ° C
-10 diesel: suitable for use at temperatures from 4 ° C to -5 ° C
-20 Diesel: Suitable for use at temperatures from -5 ° C to -14 ° C.
-35 Diesel: Suitable for use at temperatures from -14 ° C to -29 ° C.
-50 Diesel: Suitable for temperatures below -29 ° C to -44 ° C or below -29 ° C.
This is currently the domestic application of light diesel oil is divided into 7 labels according to the freezing point, the appropriate amount of diesel should be selected according to the local minimum temperature to avoid the diesel being frozen.
At cold temperatures, the oil becomes more viscous, causing increased engine load, affecting performance, and even damaging parts. In order to ensure good performance output of the engine, special low viscosity oil should be selected at low temperature, and special antifreeze oil can be used if necessary.
2. the correct use of antifreeze
In cold weather, choose a lower freezing point antifreeze and select the appropriate antifreeze according to the lowest temperature in the area. If necessary, drain the coolant after work breaks every day to prevent the coolant from freezing, causing the engine to fail to start and damage related parts. However, it should be noted that the engine is running at idle speed before the flameout. When the cooling water temperature drops below 60 ° C, the water is not hot and then the water is turned off. The water discharged from the bucket is placed in the cab and added the next day. Also very good.
3. How to start excavator
Diesel engines often start to run hard at cold temperatures. First, the battery is low, and the battery will be seriously degraded in a low temperature environment. The battery is not enough to drive the motor, causing the motor to fail to start. Therefore, it is especially important to protect the battery in a cold environment. After the work is finished, the battery can be taken out and stored in a dry, temperature-friendly place to keep the battery charged. Another reason for the difficulty in starting the engine in winter is that the speed is not high, the preheating is insufficient, and the diesel does not reach the combustion temperature. There are two general preheating methods: air preheating and combustion chamber warming. Ordinary engines are air preheated. We can find that the old excavator does not have a preheating function and often needs to spray the starter fluid. To help warm up, many new machines now have this feature, usually in the cab start switch. Before the excavator starts, it is usually preheated for 5-10 minutes before starting the excavator.
4. Some misunderstandings of excavators in low temperature environment
In heavy snow, visibility is low and the ground is covered with thick snow. When walking, it is forbidden to walk upwards, otherwise it is easy to cause danger such as side slip. Check the ground conditions during operation and operate at a constant speed. If the engine is difficult to start, do not operate the starter for more than 15 seconds. The interval between starts should be more than 30 seconds to avoid burning the motor. The engine cannot be started. It is forbidden to grill the engine intake pipe or even the fuel tank with an open flame. This seems to be possible, but in reality it can damage the engine and burn the machine, causing a fire.
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